Explain why, according to Hobbes, the state of nature will be a state of war.

plan:

Hobbes state of nature: the right to self-preservation + the right to fulfil this right in whatever way we choose (bc humans are equal + there's no authority)

causes of war: human never-ending desires, scarcity, fear of threat/violence, human desire for power

- continual fear and danger of violent death

- a vicious circle

- life = nasty, brutish + short

"a war of all against all"

contrast with Locke:

- free + equal BUT limitations on what we can do 

- constricted by laws of nature -> no power over anyone else/can't harm anyone else

- LoN - comes from God -> must abide 

weaknesses: LoN not enough to ensure peace -> humans will want power + scarcity will cause state of war 

- locke argues: scarcity not an issue -> at the beginning enough resources to go around

- major weakness: issue of TRUST- agreeing to be peaceful = not enough -> not worth risk -> irrational + motivated by desires -> rather fulfil short-term gain than long-term (peace + stability)

- even under state we lock doors/hide valuables

weakness of state of nature theory overall:

- humans are social beings so perhaps state developed naturally -> need societal value from birth to be taken care of as a baby to survive -> hobbes: assumes we are selfish + alone 

- doesn't tell us much about why the state came to exist.